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Treatment of landfill waste, leachate and landfill gas: A review

Hecham OMAR, Sohrab ROHANI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 15-32 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1501-y

摘要： This review aims at the treatment of the entire landfill, including the waste mass and the harmful emissions: leachate and landfill gas. Different landfill treatments (aerobic, anaerobic and semi-aerobic bioreactor landfills, dry-tomb landfills), leachate treatments (anaerobic and aerobic treatments, anammox, adsorption, chemical oxidation, coagulation/flocculation and membrane processes) and landfill gas treatments (flaring, adsorption, absorption, permeation and cryogenic treatments) are reviewed. Available information and the gaps present in current knowledge is summarized. The most significant areas to expand are landfill waste treatments, which in recent years has begun to grow but there is an opportunity for much more. Another area to explore is the treatment of landfill gas, a very large field to which not much effort has been put forth. This review is to compare different treatment methods and give direction to future research.

关键词： landfill     aerobic     anaerobic     leachate     landfill gases     municipal solid waste    

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Benzene degradation in waste gas by photolysis and photolysis-ozonation: experiments and modeling

Fariba Mahmoudkhani, Maryam Rezaei, Vahid Asili, Mahsasadat Atyabi, Elena Vaisman, Cooper H. Langford, Alex De Visscher

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0876-4

摘要： A photochemical model of benzene degradation compares well with experimental data obtained in the Lab. 62 reactions were needed to fully describe benzene degradation. A feasibility study shows that the photolysis of benzene is a cost-effective process. Experimental data and modeling results show that the degradation efficiency will increase when the combination of UV light and ozone is used. The degradation of benzene, a carcinogenic air pollutant, was studied in a gas-phase photochemical reactor with an amalgam lamp emitting ultraviolet light at 185 and 254 nm. Efficient benzene degradation (>70%) was possible for benzene mass flow rates of up to 1.5 mg·min . Adding ozone allowed benzene mass flow rates of up to 5 mg·min to be treated with the same efficiency. In terms of energy consumption, ozone doubles the efficiency of the process. A comprehensive mechanistic simulation model was developed incorporating a chemical kinetics model (62 reactions involving 47 chemical species), a material balance model incorporating diffusion and flow, a flow velocity model, and a light field model. The model successfully predicted the efficiency of the reactor, generally within 20%, which indicates that the model is sound, and can be used for feasibility studies. The prediction of the reactor efficiency in the presence of ozone was less successful, with systematically overestimated efficiency. Condensation of reaction products in the reactor is thought to be the main cause of model inaccuracy. Both experimental data and model predictions show that there is a synergistic effect between ozonation and ultraviolet degradation.

关键词： Photolysis     Ozone     Benzene     Waste gas     Simulation     Synergism    

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Adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas using activated carbon activated by ZnCl

Leila KARIMNEZHAD,Mohammad HAGHIGHI,Esmaeil FATEHIFAR

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 835-844 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0695-4

摘要： A series of activated carbons with high surface area were prepared from walnut shell using chemical activation with ZnCl . In this research the carbonization stage was carried out at 500°C. The performance of the synthesized carbons evaluated in adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas. The influence of impregnation ratio on the characteristics of synthesized activated carbons as well as their adsorption capacity was investigated. The ratio of activation agent to walnut shell was selected in the range of 0.5–2.0 wt/wt. The synthesized activated carbons were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET and FTIR techniques. The highest activated carbon production yield was obtained at impregnation ratio of 1.5 wt/wt. The XRD analysis illustrated that peaks intensity decreased with increasing impregnation ratio showing that amorphous property of samples was increased. The SEM analysis revealed successful pore development in synthesized activated carbons obtained at high impregnation ratios. The surface area of the activated carbons increased with increasing impregnation ratio and its maximum value reached 2643 m ?g at impregnation ratio of 2/1. FTIR analysis indicated that the relative amount of different acidic surface groups on synthesized carbons was a function of impregnation ratio. Experimental results for benzene and toluene adsorption showed a high potential of employing synthesized impregnated activated carbon for treatment of waste gas. Generally, the amount of VOC adsorbed on the surface was affected by physicochemical properties of synthesized activated carbons.

关键词： Chemical activation     activated carbon     textural characterization     adsorption     benzene     toluene    

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Greenhouse gas emissions from thermal treatment of non-recyclable municipal waste

Tomáš Ferdan, Martin Pavlas, Vlastimír Nevrlý, Radovan Šomplák, Petr Stehlík

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 815-831 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1761-4

摘要：

This paper analyses factors affecting the production of greenhouse gases from the treatment of residual municipal waste. The analysis is conducted so that the environmentally-friendly decision-making criteria may be later implemented into an optimisation task, which allocates waste treatment capacities. A simplified method of life cycle assessment is applied to describe environmental impact of the allocation. Global warming potential (GWP) is employed as a unit to quantify greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The objective is to identify the environmental burdens and credits measured by GWP for the three fundamental methods for treatment of residual waste unsuitable for material recovery. The three methods are waste-to-energy (WTE), landfilling and mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) with subsequent utilization of refuse-derived fuel. The composition of the waste itself and content of fossil-derived carbon and biogenic carbon are important parameters to identify amounts of GHG. In case of WTE, subsequent use of the energy, e.g., in district heating systems in case of heat, is another important parameter to be considered. GWP function dependant on WTE capacity is introduced. The conclusion of this paper provides an assessment of the potential benefits of the results in optimisation tasks for the planning of overall strategy in waste management.

关键词： waste management     greenhouse gases     global warming potential     allocation planning     waste-to-energy    

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Removal of odors and VOCs in municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment plants using a novel three-stage

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1421-7

摘要：

A novel three-stage integrated biofilter (TSIBF) composed of acidophilic bacteria reaction segment (ABRS), fungal reaction segment (FRS) and heterotrophic bacteria reaction segment (HBRS) was constructed for the treatment of odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)from municipal solid waste (MSW) comprehensive treatment plants. The performance, counts of predominant microorganisms, and bioaerosol emissions of a full-scale TSIBF system were studied. High and stable removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and VOCs could be achieved with the TSIBF system, and the emissions of culturable heterotrophic bacteria, fungi and acidophilic sulfur bacteria were relatively low.

关键词： Biofiltration     Multi-stage biofilter     Volatile organic compounds     Waste gas treatment     Bioaerosol emissions    

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Modeling and simulation of landfill gas production from pretreated MSW landfill simulator

Rasool Bux MAHAR,Abdul Razaque SAHITO,Dongbei YUE,Kamranullah KHAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 159-167 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0685-6

摘要： The cumulative landfill gas (LFG) production and its rate were simulated for pretreated municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill using four models namely first order exponential model, modified Gompertz model, single component combined growth and decay model and Gaussian function. Considering the behavior of the pretreated MSW landfill, a new multi component model was based on biochemical processes that occurring in landfilled pretreated MSW. The model was developed on the basis of single component combined growth and decay model using an anaerobic landfill simulator reactor which treats the pretreated MSW. It includes three components of the degradation i.e. quickly degradable, moderately degradable and slowly degradable. Moreover, the developed model was statistically analyzed for its goodness of fit. The results show that the multi components LFG production model is more suitable in comparison to the simulated models and can efficiently be used as a modeling tool for pretreated MSW landfills. The proposed model is likely to give assistance in sizing of LFG collection system, generates speedy results at lower cost, improves cost-benefit analysis and decreases LFG project risk. It also indicates the stabilization of the landfill and helps the managers in the reuse of the landfill space. The proposed model is limited to aerobically pretreated MSW landfill and also requires the values of delay times in LFG productions from moderately and slowly degradable fractions of pretreated MSW.

关键词： combine growth and decay model     pretreated municipal solid waste (MSW)     multi component landfill gas (LFG) model    

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Effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste for accelerating biogas generation during

Munawar Ali, Junli Zhang, Roberto Raga, Maria Cristina Lavagnolo, Alberto Pivato, Xu Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Raffaello Cossu, Dongbei Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1031-1

摘要： This study evaluates the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation. Aerobic pretreatment degree (APD) was determined on the basis of reduction in volatile solids (VS) on a wet weight basis. In this study, intermittent aeration (IA) was applied to three reactors as a main aeration mode; since a single reactor was operated under continuous aeration mode. However, the purpose of the experiment was to reduce VS content of waste, irrespective of the comparison between aeration modes. Fresh MSW was first pretreated aerobically with different aeration rates (10, 40, 60 and 85 L/min/m ) for the period of 30–50 days, resulting in VS-loss equivalent to 20%, 27%, 38% and 53% on w/w basis for the wastes A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. The cumulative biogas production, calculated based on the modified Gompertz model were 384, 195, 353, 215, and 114 L/kg VS for the wastes A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. Untreated waste (A0) showed a long lag phase; whereas the lag phases of pretreated MSW were reduced by more than 90%. Aerobically pretreated wastes reached stable methanogenic phase within 41 days compared to 418 days for untreated waste. The waste mass decreased by about 8% to 27% compared to untreated MSW, indicative that even more MSW could be placed in the same landfill. The study confirmed the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of MSW prior to landfilling on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW)     Aerobic pretreatment degree (APD)     Volatile solids (VS)     Intermittent aeration (IA)     Landfill gas     Landfilling    

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Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process

Olga P. Arsenyeva,Lidija Čuček,Leonid L. Tovazhnyanskyy,Petro O. Kapustenko,Yana A. Savchenko,Sergey K. Kusakov,Oleksandr I. Matsegora

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 131-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1560-8

摘要： Nowadays a lot of low-grade heat is wasted from the industry through the off- and flue-gasses with different compositions. These gases provide the sensitive heat with utilisation potential and latent heat with the components for condensation. In this paper, process integration methodology has been applied to the partly condensed streams. A hot composite curve that represents the gas mixture cooling according to equation of state for real gases was drawn to account the gas-liquid equilibrium. According to the pinch analysis methodology, the pinch point was specified and optimal minimal temperature difference was determined. The location of the point where gas and liquid phases can be split for better recuperation of heat energy within heat exchangers is estimated using the developed methodology. The industrial case study of tobacco drying process off-gasses is analysed for heat recovery. The mathematical model was developed by using MathCad software to minimise the total annualised cost using compact plate heat exchangers for waste heat utilisation. The obtained payback period for the required investments is less than six months. The presented method was validated by comparison with industrial test data.

关键词： exhaust gas     waste heat     process integration     plate heat exchanger    

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炉内废气循环气体浓度新模型检测方法研究

沈远胜,刘永杰,王德永,李本文

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第5期   页码 70-72

摘要：

通过分析炉内废气循环过程的特点，在一定废气循环量的条件下，建立了炉内废气容积流量与废气循环次数的定量数学关系，建立了废气中氧气浓度与循环次数的定量数学关系。运用数学极限定律，得出氧的极限浓度定量数学公式，以此为基础，建立了助燃剂中氧气的浓度以及可燃混合物中氧气的浓度定量数学关系式。并以此推导出其他成分浓度的计算数学模型，为实际生产过程中不同环节的气体成分检测、分析建立了基础。

关键词： 检测模型     燃烧物     燃烧比     循环炉    

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生物法净化低浓度挥发性有机废气研究

杨显万,孙珮石,黄若华,黄兵,陈茂生

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第9期   页码 64-68

摘要：

以低浓度甲苯（VOC）废气为对象，对生物法有机废气净化技术进行了小试、扩试与工业试验的系 统研究。低浓度有机废气（含硫）的生物法净化工业试验结果表明，该装置连续运行100 d，对于甲苯浓度为 300～1400 mg/m3的橡胶再生低浓度有机废气具有良好的净化作用，净化效率可较长时间保持在90%左右，废气经生化处理后可以实现达标排放。

关键词： 生物法VOC废气净化技术     甲苯生化降解     吸附-生物膜理论     工业应用试验    

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Integrated approach to winery waste: waste generation and data consolidation

Margarida OLIVEIRA,Elizabeth DUARTE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 168-176 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0693-6

摘要： The winemaking process involves the generation of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. These residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. The results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m of wastewater. No significant differences ( ≤0.05) were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio ( ≤0.05). During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management     wastewater reuse     winery wastewater    

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The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 5-5 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1439-x

摘要：

• Portugal recycles 34% of the 40 kg/hab year of plastic packaging waste.

关键词： Single-use plastics     Plastic packaging     Plastic waste     Waste management     Waste shipment     Lightweight plastic bags    

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VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 333-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023513

摘要： VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY

关键词： WASTE     CARBON     VALORIZATION     NEUTRALITY    

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Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on solid waste generation and management strategies

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1407-5

摘要：

• Implication of COVID-19 on medical waste and MSW generation is studied.

关键词： COVID-19     Medical waste     Personal protective equipment     Municipal solid waste     Waste management    

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Industrial solid waste flow analysis of eco-industrial parks: implications for sustainable waste management

Yongpeng Lü, Kai YANG, Yue CHE, Zhaoyi SHANG, Jun TAI, Yun JIAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 575-587 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0344-0

摘要： Sustainable waste management in the industrial ecology perspective brings enormous challenges to the existing methodology of waste analysis at the industrial park (IP) scale. In this study, a four-step method was proposed for industrial solid waste (ISW) flow analysis of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) and applied to two IPs in eastern China. According to a park-wide census of 619 industrial enterprises and 105 questionnaires by a survey from 2006 to 2008, the results indicated that: 1) at the enterprise scale, more than 60% of enterprises were small-ISW-generation enterprises which encountered great difficulties on effective waste management; 2) at the IP scale, though the two IPs have set up their own environmental management systems and passed the ISO 14001 certification, the efficiencies of the ISW management systems have yet to be improved in the industrial ecology perspective; and 3) at the regional scale, more than 97% of ISW flowed within the provincial region, indicating that the provincial governments prevented the wastes from flowing into their own “back yard”. Effective waste management should be placed in a broader perspective. Approaches to sustainable waste management may include wastes exchange, efficient waste and information flow, virtual EIP, waste minimization clubs and regionalization of waste management.

关键词： industrial solid waste     waste flow analysis     eco-industrial parks     sustainable waste management     “not in my back yard”    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Treatment of landfill waste, leachate and landfill gas: A review

Hecham OMAR, Sohrab ROHANI

期刊论文

Benzene degradation in waste gas by photolysis and photolysis-ozonation: experiments and modeling

Fariba Mahmoudkhani, Maryam Rezaei, Vahid Asili, Mahsasadat Atyabi, Elena Vaisman, Cooper H. Langford, Alex De Visscher

期刊论文

Adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas using activated carbon activated by ZnCl

Leila KARIMNEZHAD,Mohammad HAGHIGHI,Esmaeil FATEHIFAR

期刊论文

Greenhouse gas emissions from thermal treatment of non-recyclable municipal waste

Tomáš Ferdan, Martin Pavlas, Vlastimír Nevrlý, Radovan Šomplák, Petr Stehlík

期刊论文

Removal of odors and VOCs in municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment plants using a novel three-stage

期刊论文

Modeling and simulation of landfill gas production from pretreated MSW landfill simulator

Rasool Bux MAHAR,Abdul Razaque SAHITO,Dongbei YUE,Kamranullah KHAN

期刊论文

Effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste for accelerating biogas generation during

Munawar Ali, Junli Zhang, Roberto Raga, Maria Cristina Lavagnolo, Alberto Pivato, Xu Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Raffaello Cossu, Dongbei Yue

期刊论文

Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process

Olga P. Arsenyeva,Lidija Čuček,Leonid L. Tovazhnyanskyy,Petro O. Kapustenko,Yana A. Savchenko,Sergey K. Kusakov,Oleksandr I. Matsegora

期刊论文

炉内废气循环气体浓度新模型检测方法研究

沈远胜,刘永杰,王德永,李本文

期刊论文

生物法净化低浓度挥发性有机废气研究

杨显万,孙珮石,黄若华,黄兵,陈茂生

期刊论文

Integrated approach to winery waste: waste generation and data consolidation

Margarida OLIVEIRA,Elizabeth DUARTE

期刊论文

The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal

期刊论文

VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY

期刊论文

Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on solid waste generation and management strategies

期刊论文

Industrial solid waste flow analysis of eco-industrial parks: implications for sustainable waste management

Yongpeng Lü, Kai YANG, Yue CHE, Zhaoyi SHANG, Jun TAI, Yun JIAN

期刊论文